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Bad weight gain
What do you mean, bad child gaining weight? Kid should add an
average of not less than six grams per month (counting from the birth weight) or
not less than 150 grams per week. Increase may be irregular for months: one
month in 1000 gram, after another - 500 grams, but on average still receive
standard: (1000 +500) / 2 = 750. Optimal monthly gain - eight grams per month.
After 5 - 6 months reduced the rate of allowances (especially if the child has
already created a "reserve", adding more than 1 kg every month). In this case,
the baby "has the right to" add to 300 - 400 grams per month. Weight to 1 year
should be no less than 10 kg.
Deficit of body weight (average gain of less than 600 grams) is hypotrophy or
paratrofiya. The greater the gap, the higher the degree of malnutrition. For
example, if the child was born weighing 3500 grams, and in 3 months weighs 5000
grams, then his lack of weight is 300 grams, it is - a slight lag (hypotrophy 1
degree). Growth retardation, when the mass deficit is measured in kilograms
(hypotrophy 2 nd or 3rd degree), is considered to be serious and require
mandatory counseling and medical treatment.
There are 3 groups of causes of poor weight gain. The first group of reasons:
inadequate, unbalanced diet. Children who are breastfed may simply lack the
mother's milk. Then the baby gaining weight poorly, to the same restless, almost
always hungry and can not withstand the minimum interval between feedings (2 and
a half hours). If it is suspected that breast milk is not enough, her mother
must be weighed, which also will help determine the amount of the mixture for
lactation aid. In identifying the lack of breast milk gradually introduced
Fattened - adapted mixture - a substitute for breast milk. Another option - the
late introduction of complementary foods (the optimal time to initiate the
introduction of complementary foods: from 4 to 6 months). The cause of an
unbalanced diet may be an excessive use of depleted medicinal mixtures, such as
hydrolysates (to take them a long time, must be very good reasons). If a child -
an allergy, this does not mean that it should be starved, excluding dairy
products. In 99% of allergic reactions can be treated the child, without
canceling his dairy food.
The second group of reasons: poor digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Meals
may be adequate and correct in quantity, but because of problems in the gut of
poorly assimilated. For example, lactase deficiency - lack of the enzyme that
breaks down milk sugar (lactose) - may slow the development of the child, in
this case you should either install the enzyme lactase, or finish feeding
nizkolaktoznoy mixture. If a child is found lactase deficiency, but no growth
retardation, the treatment is carried out without changing the nature of power.
The cause of poor digestion are also dysbacteriosis and some fermentopathy (eg,
celiac disease). Usually, if the cause of poor weight gain - in the gut, it is
accompanied by a violation of the chair (most often - liquid, frothy, rich,
poorly digested), and abdominal pain. When such symptoms council one - to see a
specialist.
Third group of causes: metabolic disease. If the food - the correct, balanced,
intestines working properly, but has grown deep food poorly distributed
throughout the body, the child may have problems with weight gain. In the right
distribution (metabolism), a not insignificant role played by vitamins (eg
vitamin D) and amino acids (L-carnitine), which are often required to enter in
addition to nutrition. Typically, metabolic disturbances associated with reduced
appetite, often with them - excessive sweating, excitability, deformation of
bone tissue. To correct medications are used vitamin D3 and Elkar. This group
includes disorders and some congenital conditions, such as hypothyroidism.
If the backlog of body weight - a significant and even accompanied by a
significant reduction in growth parameters (to the extent that the child
generally does not add to the length), it is necessary to turn to
endocrinologists, and possibly genetics.
By
Dr. Andrey L.Sokolov,
Dr. Yury A.Kopoanev
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